Customer Driven Pharmaceutical Marketing
An Urch Pharmaceutical Industry Report, written by William L. Trombett, Director for Pharmaceutical Marketing Programs at St Joseph’s University in Philadelphia in the USA.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY By William L. Trombett Something is wrong. Traditional strategies and financial machinations are being pursued by pharmaceutical management with decreasingly satisfying results. Mergers and acquisitions are being consummated with only shortterm, ad hoc, quick fix results. Traditional schools of strategic thinking offer a number of perspectives on how to compete. The Market-Based View suggests that competitive advantage derives from a firm’s positioning to capture the greatest possible value by pursuing the three generic strategies: (1) market segmentation; (2) product differentiation; and (3) low cost producer. The Resource-Based View approaches strategy from an internal perspective of leveraging the firm’s competencies and resources either by entering or creating markets in which those skills confer competitive advantage and offering products and services based on those core competencies.Simplistic Cost Reduction manifests itself in reducing costs for a one-time spike to profits. Thereafter, a firm is reduced to a shell of its former self with little or no resources to grow the top line. Investors and industry practitioners are becoming disenchanted with the smoke and mirrors used to financially manipulate performance results:
Expensing long-term R&D to make future profits look better. Minimising good will through pooling of interests mergers. Creating financial reserves in a ‘cookie jar’ to offset poor performance. The new paradigm: Customer-driven marketing strategy. Why treat all customers equal, all products, all territories? A pharmaceutical firm that has, say, 25 products, 100 customers and competes in 50 countries has, in effect, 125,000 strategic business units. Surely they are not all equally profitable. Customer-driven marketing strategy asks the following questions: Who is the customer and how are profitable customers identified? What is the cost to acquire a customer? What is the cost to retain and develop a customer? How much does the average customer buy from the company? What if the customer bought exclusively from the company? (share of wallet) How long does the average customer stay with the company? What is the lifetime value of a customer? It is the relationship with the customer that is the key asset of the pharmaceutical company, not the product or the patent or the balance sheet/profit and loss statement. Such relationships will set a pharmaceutical firm apart from its competition. As the firm gets more profitable customers, drives down costs to acquire customers, gets them to stay with the firm longer and spend more with the firm over time, that income stream will be increasingly more valuable than just physical assets and financial manipulations. As we enter the new millennium, customer-driven marketing strategy will be the new basis for competing. It will manifest itself in the quintessential marketing strategy, market segmentation. Branding will be the personification of the ultimate relationship between a drug company and its customer: brand loyalty. ‘Value added’ will become more than lip service which is all it is now. ‘Value added’ means: what more can I do for the customer? The customer expects basic minimum offerings; how can I add value over and above that basic minimum offering? True ‘value added’ can be taken to the bottom line and results in a sustainable competitive advantage.CONTENTS Executive Summary 1: The Essence Of Customer-Driven Marketing 2: Pre-Consumer-Driven Marketing Something is wrong The ‘chainsaw’ Al Dunlop approach Mergers don’t seem to be the answer3: Alternatives To Customer-Driven Marketing Market-based view Resource-based view ‘Tried and true’: Mainstream approaches to competing based on product orientation4: Strategy What is strategy and what is not strategy (tactics) Strategy The three generic strategies5: The Strategy Of Market Segmentation - The Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy Ethnic and minority market segments Benefits segmentation Psychographics/lifestyle6: ‘Servicification’ Of Product The roots of servicification of product7: The Role Of Brand In Consumer-Driven Marketing 8: The Siren Song Of (Dtc) Advertising 9: The New Metrics Of Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy 10: Value added Physicians need help Hospitals need help Minority physicians need help Nursing homes need help Nurses need help HMOs need help The role of equity in consumer-driven marketing strategy: The ties that bind The ‘boutiquising’ of healthcare HEDIS / NCQA: A ‘value added’ opportunity Margin management and capital/asset management Assumption of risk: A ‘value added’ opportunity Focusing on the numbers ‘Value added’ in action The ‘value added’ physician The ultimate ‘value added’ question11: Conclusion Bibliography List of Tables Table 4.1: Equity cost of two firms in comparison Table 5.1: Segmenting a multiple-purpose vitamin Table 5.2: Segmenting vision correction surgery Table 5.3: Segmenting vision correction surgery (conducted on the physician segments) Table 5.4: Segmenting vision correction surgery (psychographic components) Table 7.1: Brand loyalty and brand switching Table 7.2: Brand loyal versus second choice Table 7.3: Brand switching risk potential Table 7.4: Most recognised pharmaceutical products and companies Table 8.1: Advertising in the pharmaceutical industry Table 8.2: Spending and awareness of advertising Table 8.3: Relationship between advertising spend by brand sales and by company sales (1997) Table 8.4: Relationship between advertising spend by brand sales and by company sales (1998) Table 8.5: Relationship between advertising spend by brand sales and by company sales (1999) Table 8.6: Spend for 2000 as of 21st March 2000 Table 8.7: DTC by office and hospital spend, by journal advertisement, total professional spend and by company sales volume (1999) Table 8.8: Advertising/promotion research design Table 8.9: 1998 spend for DTC and promotion Table 8.10: Advertising (in 1998) versus no advertising (in 1999) for certain drugs Table 9.1: Control versus test Table 9.2: Customer decile analysis Table 9.3: Visit by spend Table 9.4: Defection analysis Table 9.5: Customer value ranking report Table 9.6: Healthcare mail order catalogue Table 10.1: Performance measure for practices Table 10.2: Records for licensure Table 10.3: Impact of structural changes - analysis framework Table 10.4: DuPont long-run return on investment model Table 10.5: MGMA better practice benchmarks Table 10.6: Rating of pharmaceutical companiesList of Figures Figure 4.1: Generalised product life cycle (PLC) Figure 5.1: Attitude towards healthcare in Hispanics and Whites Figure 7.1: Taste perceptions of six beer brands when the drinker knows what he is drinking Figure 7.2: Taste perceptions of six beer brands when the drinker does not know what he is drinking